Why was mythology of vital importance for the romantics? What role did mythology play in their philosophical and literary work? And what common sources of influence inspired these writers across Britain and Germany at the turn of the nineteenth century?

In this wide-ranging study, Owen Ware argues that the romantics turned to mythology for its potential to transform how we see ourselves, others, and the world. Engaging with authors such as William Blake, Friedrich Schlegel, Samuel Taylor Coleridge, Friedrich von Hardenberg (Novalis), and Percy Bysshe Shelley, Ware shows why they believed that neither perception nor reason alone can sustain a vision of the unity of all things. A new mode of cognition is necessary, they claimed, one that revives the poetic origin of mythology and reveals our own mythmaking powers. Return of the Gods investigates the rise of mythology in the British and German traditions and the romantics’ practices of reinterpreting old myths and inventing new ones. Their shared aim was nothing less than to elevate the human imagination to higher stages of self-development in which philosophy and poetry, as well as intellect and imagination, form an integrated whole. Far from calling us to return to the past, the romantics’ work on mythology points us to a future where we can live in harmony with the personal, social, and natural worlds we inhabit.

Owen Ware combines intellectual history with philosophical analysis and literary criticism to offer a bold reflection on why mythology mattered for the romantics—and why it still matters today. 

Reviews

"Owen Ware's interpretation of the complex texts of the romantic era is rich with literary as well as philosophical insights. It succeeds magnificently in its objective of showing how deeply intertwined the traditions of British and German romanticism were at the turn of the nineteenth century. For readers of all kinds seeking a concise account of the philosophical significance of early romanticism, Ware’s lucid and well-researched book is an invaluable guide.”—Karl Ameriks, University of Notre Dame

"Owen Ware has authored a first-rate study of the major romantics, both British and German, which combines clarity and accessibility with impressive erudition. Ware shows how these remarkable writers and thinkers shared a concern for the fragmented nature of the modern self and likewise engaged in attempts to articulate new pathways toward reunification and wholeness. He brilliantly succeeds in revealing the creative power and philosophical depth at work in the romantics’ quest for a ‘new mythology.’ This book is full of fresh insights into familiar texts, which are handled with sensitivity and insight.  Ware has not only done justice to his subjects; he has gifted us with an opportunity to rediscover the richness of their artistic and philosophical visions in our own era of fragmentation."—Benjamin D. Crowe, Boston University

"This fascinating new book draws attention to the way that a revival of myth operates in both British and German romanticism. It is novel both in its treatment of the shared sources and interplay between British and German romanticism, as well as in the fluidity with which Ware moves between the philosophical-theoretical and the literary-artistic aspects of romanticism. While Ware focuses on the romantic movement, he does so in a way that illuminates its relevance to the broader post-Kantian context. This book thereby opens up a new direction for scholarship, one that is attentive to the way that renewed interest in classical art, poetry, and philosophy informs this period in rich and heretofore underexplored ways."—Naomi Fisher, Loyola University Chicago

"Return of the Gods is an uncommonly comprehensive genealogy of romanticism drawing on both its German and its British lineages. While Ware’s renowned work on Kant and German idealism informs his turn to German romanticism, his latest book does the double service of ensuring that an updated story of the revolutionary works of Hölderlin, Novalis, Schelling, Schiller, and the Schlegel brothers includes that of Blake, Coleridge, Keats, Shelley, and Wordsworth. Ware provides an informative account of the German and British romantics’ shared goal of a new mythology capable of refocusing modern pictures of humanity so as to reveal our unity with nature, each other, and ourselves. Ware’s book will serve as essential reading for those interested in the lasting significance of romanticism."—Anthony Bruno, Royal Holloway University of London

"Not only does Ware trace the philosophical and romantic ideas of Novalis, Schiller, and Schlegel, he also gives his reader access to Schelling's early and late forms of romantic philosophy. Return of the Gods does an excellent job of overlapping the similarities between British and German romanticism while also keeping a steady anchor in the world of the present. A remarkable project, and a book that will be cited and read for years to come.”—Christopher Satoor, York University

From the UTM News Room: Owen Ware has long been interested in understanding the conditions needed for humans to develop moral character. He explains that the Romantics believed the modern experience was really one of fragmentation — and that the problems they faced are the same ones many of us are experiencing today. READ MORE HERE.

From the OUP Blog: Many of us feel disconnected, from ourselves, from others, from nature. We feel fragmented. But where are we to find a cure to our fragmentation? And how can we satisfy our longing for wholeness? The German and British romantics had a surprising answer: through mythology. READ MORE HERE.

From the Young Idealist Podcast: Christopher Satoor and I talk about a range of issues in romantic philosophy and literature, from poetry to the search for wholeness in an age of fragmentation. This is for his Young Idealist podcast on YouTube. SEE VIDEO HERE.